Issue I: Modernities of Ottoman Empire and Turkey, 1850-1950 

Issue I is the collection of works of the class History of Built Environment II, class of Spring 2022, instructed by Berkay Hayırlı. The works are studies that fall within the period between 1850-1950 in late Ottoman Empire and early Turkish Republic; the subjects are in relation with the emergence and development of modernity within this framework. The spaces of modernity, the events that took place in these spaces and the effects of modernity on societal structures are studied. The subjects that were studied include queer spaces, the prison reform, and mental institutions, all of which are cases that capture a strong relationship between the spaces and their users.